The effects of the War outside presentday Vietnam are ongoing. Substantial Vietnamese communities in countries that participated in the conflict are contributing to renewed interpretations of it. This collection of new essays explores changes in perceptions of the war and the Vietnamese diaspora examining history politics biography and literature with Vietnamese American Australian and French scholars providing new insights. Twelve essays cover South Vietnamese leadership and policies women and civilians veterans overseas smaller allies in the war Australia accounts by U.S. Australian and South Vietnamese servicemen as well as those of Indigenous soldiers from the U.S. and Australia memorials and commemorations and the legacy of war on individual lives and government policy.