This book is a comparative study of four novels respectively of Raja Rao and R.K. Narayan. Sourcing original works in Sanskrit and Tamil this study attempts to tease out the similarities in themes and the common concern with traditional Hindu motifs and patterns that underlie these narratives to reveal these authors engagement with various aspects of Hinduism from the ontological quest at its centre to the more contentious caste system. The novels examined are Raja Raos Kanthapura The Serpent and the Rope The Cat and Shakespeare and The Chessmaster and His Moves and R.K. Narayans The ManEater of Malgudi Mr Sampath The Guide and The Painter of Signs. In the study the terms mythology and philosophies include not just the legends and stories of the ancient texts and the associated philosophies but a whole corpus of social attitudes these generate.